Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Igor Tkachenko
PSTU, University, Ukraine
Keynote: Some features of the ductile and gray iron microstructures providing increase of their impact resistance
Biography:
Igor Tkachenko, DSc(Eng), has over 25 year experience in improving quality and reliability of bulk alloy steel industrial products for demanding applications. He developed a number of novel research techniques and industrially employed steel heat treating technologies. The reported results are findings within the frame of his early developed and industrially verified approach to solving the problems relating to the multi-element steels and multi-parameter manufacturing technologies. The approach includes computer statistically based multi-purpose optimization of currently applied technologies and novel technology development to solve specific unrepaired problems. The phenomena revealed in the course of the above investigations are an important challenge to the modern theory of phase transformations in metallic materials. The obtained results open new prospects to reliable improving performance of bulk industrial products made of most modern cast irons and alloy structural steels, increase effectiveness and promote sustainable development of steel metallurgy.
Abstract:
Low damage tolerance of the ductile and gray irons is well known problem of their performance caused mainly by the graphite inclusions. Based on the results previously obtained for cast and hot deformed alloy structural steels, the influence of isothermal holding on graphite morphology and impact strength in the bulk industrial pearlitic irons were investigated. Some novel microstructure features were revealed after the irons optimal heat treatment, namely: ferrite matrix with ultra-fine uniformly distributed graphite precipitates and formerly spheroid graphite inclusions with branched interfaces surrounded by probably nano - structured ferrite matrix areas in the grey and ductile irons, respectively. The microstructure features revealed were assumed to be responsible for the obtained unprecedented increase of the each iron type impact resistance up to KCU ï‚» 550 kJ/m2, compared with the one in the normalized states of the gray and ductile iron: KCUï¾ 65 kJ/m2 and ï¾120 kJ/m2, respectively. The revealed microstructure features formation and corresponding performance improvements are attributed to the phase transformation preferable development on the hetero-phase interfaces with further pearlitic matrix cementite decomposition and original graphite particle partial solving among the ferrite fine grain surroundings. Necessity of additional precise investigations is emphasized in view of the revealed phenomena general theoretical importance for metallic alloys and composites. Possible current practical applications of the developed technology in the course of the modern bulk industrial products conventional and additive manufacturing, repairing and recycling are discussed, particularly: reliable improving the performance of industrial products made of ordinary gray and ductile cast irons; lightening and life-cycle enhancing for the currently produced industrial equipment cast iron parts; producing the cast iron industrial products able to be used instead of ones currently made of ordinary alloy structural cast steels; application instead of the complicated and expensive modern vermicular graphite iron production technology.
- Antibacterial Polymers, Biomaterials, Biomimetics.
Location: WEBINAR
Session Introduction
Gulfam Nasar
Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences Quetta Pakistan
Title: Magnesium ferrite/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites: fabrication and characterization
Biography:
Gulfam Nasar currently works at BUITEMS, Quetta Pakistan as Assistant Professor. His research interests are mainly Material Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry and Nanotechnology. His current project is on 'polymer-ferrites nanocomposites'. Dr. Gulfam Nasar is a member of editorial boards of a number of research journals. He has presented his work in many international conferences around the world. He has published more than 20 publications in internationally reputed journals
Abstract:
Terbium doped magnesium spinel ferrites (Mg1-xTbxFe2O4) and PVA/Mg1-xTbxFe2O4 composites having composition x=0.12, 0.14, 0.16, 0.18 were synthesized using micro-emulsion method and in-situ polymerization technique respectively. The structural properties were demonstrated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD analysis confirmed the fabrication of small concentration of Terbium into the spinel lattice whereas FTIR exposed the developed interactions between ferrite nanoparticles with polyvinyl alcohol matrix. The peaks obtained in both the above characterization techniques quite matched with those as reported in the literature and confirmed the formation of resulting nanocomposites. The dielectric and resistivity analyses were performed by determining dielectric parameters and current-voltage measurements. The values of dielectric constant, dielectric loss and tan δ were inversely proportional to the frequency under applied electric field at room temperature but become constant at higher frequency values. The lower values of dielectric constant of terbium incorporated magnesium ferrite polymer composites (MgFe2O4/PVA) are because of hindrance in electron exchange mechanism created by lockup among iron and terbium ions. The resistivity values of all the composites were found from 2.5x109 Ωcm to 18.8x109 Ωcm which showed a non- linear behavior.
Mulatu Kassie Birhanu
National Taiwan University of Science and Technology /Taiwan
Title: Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into Valuable Chemicals through Electrochemical Reduction Using Transition Metal Electrocatalysts
Biography:
My Name is Mulatu Kassie Birhanu. I am 35 years old. I am is a Ph.D. student in chemical engineering at National Taiwan University of Science and Technology (NTUST), Taipei, Taiwan. Currently, his research area is electrochemical reduction of CO2 to convert into valuable products using Au and Cu nanoparticle as electrocatalyst. He received his M.Sc. degree in analytical chemistry in 2011 from Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar.
Abstract:
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 is an emerging and current issue for its conversion into valuable product containing high energy density, and simultaneously the reduction helps to reduce the level of CO2 in the atmosphere to maintain within the permissible limit. Among plenty of electro-catalysts copper and gold are efficient and effective catalysts, which are synthesized with different compositions and applicable for this research work. The metal catalysts (Au and Cu) were prepared in inert environment with different compositions through reduction process from their corresponding precursors. The catalytic performance of CO2 reduction for each composition was performed and resulted good catalytic activity with generation of high current density and relatively small onset potential. The catalytic performance, compositions, morphologies, structure and geometric arrangements were evaluated by electrochemical analysis (LSV, impedance, chronoamperometry & tafel plot), EDS, SEM and XAS respectively. The composite metals showed better selectivity of products (~80% CO) and faradaic efficiencies in addition to the impact of grain size in reduction of CO2. Carbon monoxide, formate, methanol and ethanol are the reduction products, which are detected and quantifiable by chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques considering their physical state of each product.
Brwa badawee
KRG ministry of labor, iraq/erbil
Title: MEASURING HYDROGEN SULPHIDE GAS IN AIR OF THE REFINERY AND AROUND THE REFINERY IN ERBIL - IRAQ
Biography:
I have bsc in chemical science and msc in h2s gas
Abstract:
Throughout this research, we researched the H2S measurement in two refineries and the area around them. Took the measurements in two refiners in Erbil city north of Iraqis non-standard refinery another is standard refinery. In this research, the non-standard refinery used two types of crude oil, Taqtaq crude oil and Tawke crude oil, but standard refinery used Tawke crude oil, these two crude oils are produced in two different geographic locations in northern Iraq. In non-standard refinery the usage of Taqtaq crude oil in distillation tower by 0 meters away, H2S gas was 11.4 ppm by 10 meters away from distillation tower, the concentration was reduced to 11.0 ppm in the far of 600 to 1600 meter we saw that the was zero. In non-standard refiners the usage of Taqtaq crude oil in storage tank by 0 meters away, the H2S gas was 3.7 ppm, by 10 meters away from storage tank, the H2S gas was reduced to 3.5 ppm in the far of 220 to 1600 meter we saw that the concentration was zero. In non-standard refiners the usage of Taqtaq crude oil in flare by 30 meters away, the H2S gas was 4.3 ppm and by 40 meters away from flare, the H2S was reduced to 3.9 ppm and in the far of 220 to 1600 meter we saw that the concentration was zero. In non-standard the usage of Tawke crude oil in distillation tower by 0 meters away, the H2S gas was 23.7 ppm by 10 meters away from distillation tower, the H2S reduced to 23.1 ppm in the far of 1200 to 1500 meter we saw that the concentration was zero, but in standard refinery the H2S in distillation tower is less than H2S in non-standard refiners.
Joshua Ogunrinade
Department of Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
Title: Green synthesis, characterization and functionalization of gold and silver nanoparticles using Pleurotus pulmonarius exopolysaccharides for antimicrobial application
Biography:
Joshua Ogunrinade is pursuing his PhD. in Industrial and Applied Microbiology under the supervision of Dr. Bukola Adebayo-Tayo where they are working on how to proffer solution to the problem of antibiotics resistance in microorganisms as a result of unethical uses of antibiotics and reduction in effectiveness of the existing antibiotics. Their interest is in the development of bio-nanomaterial by employing bio-nanotechnological approach in combatting the problem of emerging resistant microbes
Abstract:
Greenly synthesized gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and SNPs) from Pleurotus pulmonarius (PP) exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterized and functionalized with antibiotic. The antimicrobial potential of the nanoparticles (PPEPSAuNPs and PPEPSSNPs) and functionalized NPs (FPPEPSAuNPs and FPPEPSSNPs) against some pathogenic bacteria were evaluated. PP produced EPS ranged from 257.85 - 3305.65 mg/L. The PPEPS was used as oxidizing, reducing and capping agent. Uv-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM was used to analyze the nanoparticles. Colour change from pale yellow to purple and from pale yellow to dark brown indicate the formation of PPEPSAuNPs and PPEPSSNPs with a strong absorption bands at 500 nm and 400 nm. Functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl and aldehydes among others contributes to the reduction, capping and stabilization of the NPs. SEM shows a polymorphic with size ranged from 0.1 – 3.2 µm and aggregate particles with size of 0.2 – 2.8 µm for PPEPSAuNPs and PPEPSSNPs. The PPEPSAuNPs and PPEPSSNPs had antimicrobial activity against the tested pathogens with a zone of inhibition in the range of 12 - 29 mm. The antibacterial activities of FPPEPSAuNPs and FPPEPSSNPs were in the range of 25 - 40 mm and 22 – 40 mm with highest activity against Pse. aeruginosa. Functionalization enhanced the activity of the nanoparticles. In conclusion, EPS from PP can be efficiently used for nanoparticles biosynthesis with antibacterial potential and functionalization enhanced the antibacterial property of the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles and functionalized nanoparticles can be considered for use in pharmaceutical application.